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LOWER LAKE, Calif. – The students and staff of Carlé High School would like to thank all who were involved in the Clayton fire control and helping to get our neighborhood and schools back up on our feet.
We reached out to Sheriff Brian Martin and will work with his department to utilize our school-based enterprise to make plaques for every first responder, police agency, fire department, Red Cross and all other people, groups and agencies who have worked so hard to help us all out.
Many designs have been put together and we hope to begin producing the plaques this week.
Carlé would like to thank the wonderful Ms. Barbara Dye, a Konocti Unified district employee of the year a few years back, for 20 wonderful years of being our beloved secretary and “queen of Carlé.” We all wish her well in her new job at the district office. We love and will miss you Barbara.
Many students of the design class showered her with goodbye plaques and a mouse pad and mug to use in her new office. We wanted her to remember us and understand how much she meant to so many students and staff over these 20 years where she always stabilized our ship.
We would like to give a big warm welcome to Lilli Edson, our new counselor; Heather Koehler, our new principal; and Lance Christens, our new math and portfolio teacher.
Within the next few weeks this article will be speaking in depth about our new staff members including a new secretary not yet determined.
Carlé had our annual trip to Highlands Springs on Sept. 2. The entire school participated in spending the whole day doing fun activities and swimming.
Lower Lake High School’s Homecoming has come and gone but this year something new happened. Carlé High School was invited to join the fun.
The floats this year were masterfully done. Carlé High School created a 3D Steam Boat Willie and we made a few signs such as: #LowerLakeStrong, Konocti Strong, Carlé High School and We Rise From The Ashes.
These students of Carlé work exceptionally hard on our float: Lloyd Bridges, Stacie Clemons, Alvaro Duran, Angle Fernandez, Emily Greig, Cece Hendern-Brown, Nicholas Kieffer, Ashton Legg, Brianna E. Legg, Riley Nielsen, Nicholas Phipps, Cyrus Pouladdezh, Candice Safreno, Jacob Walker and Cheyanne West.
We also would like to thank Sears for all the building blocks aka boxes, for a beautiful float. Thank you so much again. Our design class is currently working on a thank you to Sears. We also made a plaque for student’s Candice Safreno’s dad who did so much to make this a success.
Brianna E. Legg is a student at Carlé Continuation High School in Lower Lake.
LAKE COUNTY, Calif. – Several dogs that have been held and cared for since being found in the Clayton fire area are now being offered for adoption by Lake County Animal Care and Control, along with several other dogs.
The Clayton fire dogs are at the top of the list below.
The available dogs from Lake County Animal Care and Control this week include mixes of boxer, Chihuahua, Doberman Pinscher, Great Dane, hound, Labrador Retriever, Rottweiler, pit bull and terrier.
Dogs that are adopted from Lake County Animal Care and Control are either neutered or spayed, microchipped and, if old enough, given a rabies shot and county license before being released to their new owner. License fees do not apply to residents of the cities of Lakeport or Clearlake.
If you're looking for a new companion, visit the shelter. There are many great pets hoping you'll choose them.
The following dogs at the Lake County Animal Care and Control shelter have been cleared for adoption (additional dogs on the animal control Web site not listed are still “on hold”).
CLAYTON FIRE DOGS
Labrador Retriever mix
This young male Labrador Retriever mix has a short black coat with white markings.
He was found in the Clearlake area on Aug. 15.
He's in kennel No. 18, ID No. 5861.
Labrador Retriever mix
This female Labrador Retriever mix has a short black coat.
She was found in the Clearlake area on Aug. 15.
She's in kennel No. 19, ID No. 5862.
Labrador Retriever mix
This female Labrador Retriever mix has a short white coat.
She was found in the Clearlake area on Aug. 15.
She's in kennel No. 20, ID No. 5860.
Labrador Retriever mix
This young male Labrador Retriever mix has a short black and white coat.
He was found in the Clearlake area on Aug. 15.
He's in kennel No. 21, ID No. 5863.
Terrier-Chihuahua mix
This male terrier-Chihuahua mix has a short red and white coat.
He was found in the Lower Lake area on Sept. 12.
He's in kennel No. 22, ID No. 6096.
Pit bull terrier mix
This female pit bull terrier mix has a short black and white coat.
She was found in the Lower Lake area on Aug. 20.
She's in kennel No. 33, ID No. 5878.
NON-FIRE DOGS AVAILABLE
'Daisy'
“Daisy” is a boxer-pit bull terrier mix with a short red and white coat.
She's in kennel No. 3, ID No. 6167.
Hound mix
This young female hound mix has a short brindle and white coat.
She's in kennel No. 8, ID No. 6133.
Doberman Pinscher-Labrador Retriever mix
This male Doberman Pinscher-Labrador Retriever mix has a short tan and brown coat.
He's in kennel No. 10, ID No. 6163.
Pit bull terrier mix
This male pit bull terrier mix has a short black and white coat.
He's in kennel No. 12, ID No. 6094.
'Taz'
“Taz” is a male pit bull terrier with a short black and white coat.
He's in kennel No. 24, ID No. 6164.
Rottweiler mix
This female Rottweiler mix has a black coat with some brindle markings.
Shelter staff said she need some training and is manageable on a leash. They said she is a very nice dog and knows not to jump when excited. After proper introductions, she has gotten along with other dogs she has met, including off-leash play. She would do best in a home with no cats.
She's in kennel No. 25, ID No. 5947.
'Dakota'
“Dakota” is a female pit bull terrier mix with a short blue and white coat.
She's in kennel No. 27, ID No. 6142.
'Lucky'
“Lucky” is a male hound and Great Dane mix with a short black and white coat.
He's in kennel No. 30, ID No. 6026.
'Flor'
“Flor” is a female Labrador Retriever mix with a short black and white coat.
She already has been spayed, which should lower her adoption cost.
She is in kennel No. 30b, ID No. 6041.
To fill out an adoption application online visit http://www.co.lake.ca.us/Government/Directory/Animal_Care_And_Control/Adopt/Dog___Cat_Adoption_Application.htm .
Lake County Animal Care and Control is located at 4949 Helbush in Lakeport, next to the Hill Road Correctional Facility.
Office hours are Monday through Friday, 11 a.m. to 5 p.m., and 11 a.m. to 3 p.m., Saturday. The shelter is open from 11 a.m. to 4 p.m. Monday through Friday and on Saturday from 11 a.m. to 3 p.m.
Visit the shelter online at http://www.co.lake.ca.us/Government/Directory/Animal_Care_And_Control.htm .
For more information call Lake County Animal Care and Control at 707-263-0278.
Email Elizabeth Larson at
“I like this place and could willingly waste my time in it.” – William Shakespeare
“The creation of a thousand forests is in one acorn.” – Ralph Waldo Emerson
LOWER LAKE, Calif. – I had the good fortune to hike the Cache Creek Nature Trail at Anderson Marsh State Historic Park recently.
The hike was led by Anderson Marsh Interpretive Association's (AMIA) docent and certified naturalist, Billy Gear, who did an excellent job of leading the group on the walk. He was well-informed of the nuances of Anderson Marsh.
As I state in my Anderson Marsh book, “Anderson Marsh is comprised of over 1,000 acres of wetlands, oak woodlands. And grasslands. It is located in Lake County, California, on Clear Lake. There are at least 30 Native American archaeological sites located here, some of which are over 10,000 year old. Along with its prehistoric past, Anderson Marsh has a rich history of European settlement – the Grigsbys in the 1850s and the Andersons in the 1880s.”
Nature walks are led by AMIA trained docent volunteers on the second Saturday of each month, with the exceptions of September, December and January.
Once you enter Anderson Marsh State Historic Park a world of wonder opens up to you.
You are bombarded with sensory perceptions that are seemingly swirling about. The vistas that have been enjoyed for millennia, the Ranch House that has sat in this spot since before the Civil War, the abundant flora and fauna all conspire to take you on multi-faceted tours set right here, right now.
For example, the cool, green colors that paint Cache Creek's edges with willow, tule reeds, berries, cottonwoods and oak draw you in for further inspection.
You sense the live creek and wetlands before you even peer into this other world of moisture. Now you find turtles, ducks, and herons all “making a living” day in and day out, every day.
While walking the Cache Creek Nature Trail be sure to look up, so that you don't miss the kettle of turkey vultures that someone once called “black butterflies” (was it Mary Oliver's phrase?).
Then, gaze out, over the grasslands to the oak woodlands and imagine what tasks those Pomo Indians were achieving back in the day – chipping obsidian arrowheads, gathering acorns for food, playing games or fishing nearby.
Looking closely at the flora along the creek you see Himalayan blackberries. These are not native to California, and were introduced by a botanist to the U.S. in 1870s.
The creek is rife with hawks, warblers, mourning doves, hummingbirds, egrets and more.
Come to Anderson Marsh to walk any of its trails, and find out why native people, history-lovers and bird-watchers all treasure what Anderson Marsh has to offer.
AMIA, according to its Web site at http://www.andersonmarsh.org/index.html , “has been in existence for many years with a primary objective of preserving and enhancing the use of Anderson Marsh State Historic Park. Joining as a member will help insure those who wish to protect and conserve this great educational, cultural and environmental resource have the means to do so.”
Kathleen Scavone, M.A., is a retired educator, potter, writer and author of “Anderson Marsh State Historic Park: A Walking History, Prehistory, Flora, and Fauna Tour of a California State Park” and “Native Americans of Lake County.” She also writes for NASA and JPL as one of their “Solar System Ambassadors.” She was selected “Lake County Teacher of the Year, 1998-99” by the Lake County Office of Education, and chosen as one of 10 state finalists the same year by the California Department of Education.
A simple question from his wife – Does physics really allow people to travel back in time? – propelled physicist Richard Muller on a quest to resolve a fundamental problem that had puzzled him throughout his 45-year career: Why does the arrow of time flow inexorably toward the future, constantly creating new “nows”?
That quest resulted in a book to be published today, NOW: The Physics of Time (W. W. Norton), that delves into the history of philosophers' and scientists' concepts of time, uncovers a tendency physicists have to be vague about time's passage, demolishes the popular explanation for the arrow of time and proposes a totally new theory.
“Time has been a stumbling block to our understanding of the universe,” said Muller, a UC Berkeley professor emeritus who for many years taught a popular introductory course, “Physics for Future Presidents,” which he turned into a 2008 book of the same name. “Over my career, I've seen a lot of nonsense published about time, and I started thinking about it and realized I had a lot to say from having taught the subject over many decades, having thought about it, having been annoyed by it, having some really interesting ways of presenting it, and some whole new ideas that have never appeared in the literature.”
In commenting on the theory and Muller's new book, astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson, host of the 2014 TV miniseries “Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey,” wrote, “Maybe it's right. Maybe it's wrong. But along the way he's given you a master class in what time is and how and why we perceive it the way we do.”
Muller’s new idea: Time is expanding because space is expanding.
“The new physics principle is that space and time are linked; when you create new space, you will create new time,” Muller said.
Time kicked off by Big Bang
Ever since the Big Bang explosively set off the expansion of the universe 13.8 billion years ago, the cosmos has been growing, something physicists can measure as the Hubble expansion. They don't think of it as stars flying away from one another, however, but as stars embedded in space and space continually expanding.
Muller takes his lead from Albert Einstein, who built his theory of general relativity – the theory that explains everything from black holes to cosmic evolution – on the idea of a four-dimensional spacetime. Space is not the only thing expanding, Muller says; spacetime is expanding. And we are surfing the crest of that wave, what we call “now.”
“Every moment, the universe gets a little bigger, and there is a little more time, and it is this leading edge of time that we refer to as now,” he writes. “The future does not yet exist ... it is being created. Now is at the boundary, the shock front, the new time that is coming from nothing, the leading edge of time.”
Because the future doesn't yet exist, we can't travel into the future, he asserts. He argues, too, that going back in time is equally improbable, since to reverse time you would have to decrease, at least locally, the amount of space in the universe.
That does happen, such as when a star explodes or a black hole evaporates. But these reduce time so infinitesimally that the effect would be hidden in the quantum uncertainty of measurement – an instance of what physicists call cosmic censorship.
“The only example I could come up with is black hole evaporation, and in that case it turns out to be censored. So I couldn't come up with any way to reverse time, and my basic conclusion is that time travel is not possible,” he said.
Black hole mergers create a millisecond of new time
Muller's theory explaining the flow of time led to a collaboration with Caltech theoretician Shaun Maguire and a paper posted online June 25 that explains the theory in more detail – using mathematics – and proposes a way to test it using LIGO, an experiment that detects gravitational waves created by merging black holes.
If Muller and Maguire are right, then when two black holes merge and create new space, they should also create new time, which would delay the gravitational wave signal LIGO observes from Earth.
“The coalescing of two black holes creates millions of cubic miles of new space, which means a one-time creation of new time,” Muller said. The black hole merger first reported by LIGO in February 2016 involved two black holes weighing about 29 and 36 times the mass of the sun, producing a final black hole weighing about 62 solar masses. The new space created in the merger would produce about 1 millisecond of new time, which is near the detection level of LIGO. A similar event at one-third the distance would allow LIGO to detect the newly created time.
Whether or not the theory pans out, Muller's book makes a good case.
“(Muller) forges a new path. I expect controversy!” wrote UC Berkeley Nobel laureate Saul Perlmutter, who garnered the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics for discovering the accelerating expansion of the universe. Muller initiated the project that led to that discovery, which involved measuring the distances and velocities of supernovae. The implication of that discovery is that the progression of time is also accelerating, driven by dark energy.
Over his career, Muller founded two major experimental programs that elucidated our understanding of time: a measurement of the cosmic microwave uniformity, for which he was awarded a MacArthur Prize, and the discovery of dark energy, for which he shared the 2014 Breakthrough Prize.
Muller and his daughter Elizabeth co-founded Berkeley Earth, a nonprofit that reanalyzed Earth's temperature record confirming global warming, and which now is a repository for historical data on global temperature and air pollution.
For his newest endeavor, Muller explored previous explanations for the arrow of time and discovered that many philosophers and scientists have been flummoxed by the fact that we are always living in the 'now”,:from Aristotle and Augustine to Paul Dirac – the discoverer of antimatter, which can be thought of as normal matter moving backward in time – and Albert Einstein. While philosophers were not afraid to express an opinion, most physicists basically ignored the issue.
“No physics theories have the flow of time built into them in any way. Time was just the platform on which you did your calculations – there was no 'now' mentioned, no flow of time,” Muller said. “The idea of studying time itself did not exist prior to Einstein. Einstein gave physics the gift of time.”
Einstein, however, was unable to explain the flow of time into the future instead of into the past, despite the fact that the theories of physics work equally well going forward or backward in time. And although he could calculate different rates of time, depending on velocity and gravity, he had no idea why time flowed at all.
The dominant idea today for the direction of time came from Arthur Eddington, who helped validate Einstein's general theory of relativity. Eddington put forward the idea that time flows in the direction of increasing disorder in the universe, or entropy. Because the Second Law of Thermodynamics asserts that entropy can never decrease, time always increases.
Entropy and time
This idea has been the go-to explanation since. Even Stephen Hawking, in his book A Brief History of Time, doesn't address the issue of the flow of time, other than to say that it's “self-evident” that increasing time comes from increasing entropy.
Muller argues, however, that it is not self-evident: it is just wrong. Life and everything we do on Earth, whether building houses or making teacups, involves decreasing the local entropy, even though the total entropy of the universe increases.
“We are constantly discarding excess entropy like garbage, throwing it off to infinity in the form of heat radiation,” Muller said. “The entropy of the universe does indeed go up, but the local entropy, the entropy of the Earth and life and civilization, is constantly decreasing.”
“During my first big experiment, the measurement of the cosmic microwave radiation, I realized there is 10 million times more entropy in that radiation than there is in all of the mass of the universe, and it's not changing with time. Yet time is progressing,” he said. “The idea that the arrow of time is set by entropy does not make any predictions, it is simply a statement of a correlation. And to claim it is causation makes no sense.”
In his book, Muller explains the various paradoxes that arise from the way the theories of relativity and quantum mechanics treat time, including the Schrodinger's cat conundrum and spooky action at a distance that quantum entanglement allows.
Neither of these theories addresses the flow of time, however. Theories about wormholes that can transport you across the universe or back in time are speculative and, in many cases, wrong.
The discussion eventually leads Muller to explore deep questions about the ability of the past to predict the future and what that says about the existence of free will.
Muller admits that his new theory about time may have observable effects only in the cosmic realm, such as our interpretation of the red shift – the stretching of light waves caused by the expansion of space – which would have to be modified to reflect the simultaneous expansion of time.
The two effects may not be distinguishable throughout most of the universe's history, but the creation of time might be discernible during the rapid cosmic inflation that took place just after the Big Bang, when space and time expanded much, much faster than today.
He is optimistic that in the next few years LIGO will verify or falsify his theory.
“I think my theory is going to have an impact on calculations of the very early universe,” Muller said. “I don't see any way that it affects our everyday lives. But it is fascinating.”
Robert Sanders writes for the UC Berkeley News Center.
LAKEPORT, Calif. – The Lake County Fair Board will meet on Monday, Sept. 26.
The meeting will begin at 4 p.m. at the fairgrounds administration office, 401 Martin St., Lakeport.
The board will select the 2017 fair theme and discuss this summer's event, along with the Blue Ribbon Dinner and appreciation dinner, and the Lake County Fair Foundation.
Other agenda items include consideration of refunding overpayments of entry fees and committee reports.
The fair board's membership include Janeane Bogner, Steven Brown, Marcia Chauvin, James Cochrane, Katherine McDowell, Annette Hopkins, Meyo Marrufo and Jerry McQueen.
Ultra-lights and fixed wing aircraft harassing wildlife
Question: We live around the Imperial Wildlife Area (Wister Unit) and over the past two years we’ve seen an influx of ultra-light air craft flying over the Imperial Wildlife Area, sometimes very low.
For example, on June 15 we saw three ultra-light crafts fly from a local airport and circle all of the wildlife area where there’s water, sometimes getting as low as 25 feet. This spooked all of the waterfowl and shore birds, and most of the shore birds were nesting and harassed by this.
I know there are harassment laws in place for this (Fish and Game Code, section 3003.5) as I contacted California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW) wildlife officers, but all of us were uncertain how or if there are any height restrictions for aircraft flying over state wildlife areas.
This has also happened during waterfowl season where the ultra-lights were flying within feet of hunters’ spreads of 2,000 or more snow goose decoys.
Can you please help us determine whether there are any height restriction codes prohibiting such activities over state wildlife areas? I have Googled this and have only found Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) results for federal lands and know now that the FAA doesn’t have state wildlife areas listed. (Richard F.)
Answer: While there is no specific section in the Fish and Game Code regarding these low-flying aircraft, section 2009 may apply.
This section makes it a misdemeanor to willfully interfere with someone who is engaged in the sport of hunting. Given the circumstances you described, this section could be used to prevent these low-flying aircraft from interfering with hunters on state wildlife areas during the open season.
There are also two regulations that may apply to the actions you describe. “No person shall pursue, drive, herd or take any bird or mammal from any type of motor-driven air or land vehicles, motorboat, airboat, sailboat or snowmobile” (California Code of Regulations Title 14, section 251.1). Also, “No person shall harass, herd or drive any game or nongame bird or mammal or furbearing mammal. For the purposes of this section, harass is defined as an intentional act which disrupts an animal's normal behavior patterns, which includes, but is not limited to breeding, feeding or sheltering” (CCR Title 14, section 251). These regulations are punishable as misdemeanors.
Low-flying aircraft are regulated by FAA Federal Aviation Regulations (FARs) and the US Code of Federal Regulations (CFR).
Generally, when flying over other than congested areas (i.e. cities, towns or settlements), they may be operated at an altitude not lower than 500 feet above the surface, except when over open water or sparsely populated areas where they may not be operated closer than 500 feet to any person, vessel, vehicle or structure (FARs, CFR Title 14, section 91.119(c)).
Shipping sport-caught fish home
Question: We have chartered a sportfishing party boat for 25 of our out-of-town clients.
If they get their daily bag limits and want their fish shipped home via overnight carrier, would each person have to be present at the shipping office with their fish? If so, would each person need to show their fishing license to the clerk at the shipping office?
Would each person’s fishing license need to be packed inside the box with the fish being shipped out? Or could someone from our business have each person’s fishing license/ID and just ship everyone’s fish home for them? (Annette T.)
Answer: Each person would need to be present to check their fish into the shipping office because it is unlawful for someone to transport more than one limit of fish (FGC, section 2347). It’s also illegal for someone to ship more than one limit of fish (FGC, section 2346).
While each angler will need to be at the shipping office with their fish, they are not legally required to show their fishing license to the shipper, nor do they need to include a copy of their fishing license inside the box containing their fish (but it’s not a bad idea to do so). The carrier may have their own policy on this, but CDFW does not regulate it.
The outside of the package containing the fish must clearly and conspicuously indicate the name and address of the shipper, name and address of the consignee and the number and kind of fish inside the package (FGC, section 2348).
Making your own abalone irons
Question: I would like to make my own abalone irons. What are the specifications to do so legally? (Jim B., Oakdale)
Answer: Abalone irons must be less than 36 inches long, straight or with a curve having a radius of not less than 18 inches, and must not be less than 3/4 inch wide nor less than 1/16 inch thick. All edges must be rounded and free of sharp edges (CCR Title 14, section 29.15[e]).
Carrie Wilson is a marine environmental scientist with the California Department of Fish and Wildlife. While she cannot personally answer everyone’s questions, she will select a few to answer each week in this column. Please contact her at